Blockchain technology
Blockchain technology is not a financial technology. It’s a database. Or better: a decentralized/distributed database which serves as a (public, in the case of virtual currency) online ledger keeping record of transactions that can’t be changed.
More details :
http://www.i-scoop.eu/fintech/blockchain-distributed-ledger-technology/
http://www2.deloitte.com/uk/en/pages/innovation/articles/blockchain.html#
http://www.ibm.com/blockchain/what_is_blockchain.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blockchain_(database)